When a person is hit with a large amount of force to their head, it causes the head and neck to jolt in the direction that force is pushing it. This force then impacts on the movement of the brain. Our brains sit inside the skull, floating in cerebral fluid designed to protect it from trauma. When a fighter is hit hard, the sudden movement shocks the brain, which does not have time to adjust to the rapid acceleration and deceleration of the skull.
This in turn causes the brain to move around in the cerebral fluid, colliding with the inside of the skull and causing trauma to the soft tissue of the brain. Imagine it like a Kinder surprise egg, the toy capsule inside being your brain.
When you shake the egg, you can feel the capsule bouncing back and forth inside the chocolate shell. As a result of the overwhelming stimulation the brain tissue is receiving, the body sends out a series of neurotransmitters and excessive blood supply to the brain in an attempt to repair the damage. According to neurologist and boxing physician Anthony Alessi, when blood supply to the brain is not sufficient to repair the level of damage, the fighter will lose consciousness.
D said. And eventually they are unable to defend themselves. The trauma causes an overwhelming number of neurotransmitters to fire simultaneously. This behavior induces a form of nervous system overload, causing a system cras h in the f orm of temporary paralysis. Another mechanism that causes loss of consciousness has to do with how blood flows to the brain. A reflex area in the brain called the sinus regulates the flow of blood and oxygen to the head, but a good knock to the jaw can jolt the sinus.
This lightning fast altering of the blood and oxygen flow can be enough to cause a blackout. Join the ZME newsletter for amazing science news, features, and exclusive scoops. More than 40, subscribers can't be wrong. It can take anywhere from a couple of seconds to a couple of minutes before a person can regain consciousnes s — it all depends on the severity of the blow.
Some people can shake it off and are only left with a headache. Others that are l ess fortunate can incur serious medical problems from the concussion, like cerebral bleeding and even death. While it often seems as though the effect is caused by a single well-placed shot, it is usually the result of many quick punches.
Each punch creates a concussion technically defined as any head injury that causes a disruption of neurological function , and each concussion brings the boxer closer to a state of darkness. Here's how it happens: The body contains dissolved sodium, potassium and calcium, collectively known as electrolytes, which are responsible for conducting impulses along neurons.
Every time a fighter receives a blow to a nerve, potassium leaves the cell and calcium rushes in, destabilizing the electrolyte balance, while the brain does all it can to keep these levels in balance.
With each successive blow, this balance becomes harder and harder to maintain, and more and more energy must be spent in the process. When the body reaches the point where the damage outweighs the body's ability to repair itself, the brain shuts down to conserve enough energy to fix the injured neurons at a later point. If the demand outweighs the supply the brain then shuts down and leads to an eventual loss of consciousness," says Anthony Alessi, M.
Surprisingly, the boxer's feet are often the first clear signal that he is on the verge of being knocked out.
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